Some references have abstracts hyperlinked. Click on the highlighted references for the abstract.
Bergamini
C..Dental occlusion and body posture: a surface EMG study.Cranio. 2008
Jan;26(1):25-32.
Sakaguchi
K, Mehta NR, Abdallah EF, Forgione AG, Hirayama H, Kawasaki T, Yokoyama
A. Examination
of the relationship between mandibular position and body posture.
Cranio.
2007 Oct;25(4):237-49.
D'Attilio M, Epifania E, Ciuffolo F, Salini V, Filippi MR, Dolci M,
Festa
F, Tecco S. Cervical lordosis angle measured on lateral
cephalograms; findings in skeletal class II female subjects with and
without TMD: a
cross sectional study. Cranio. 2004
Jan;22(1):27-44
Department of Orthodontics, University of Chieti, Italy.
The literature reports evidence of various types of correlations
between
cervical alterations and cervical pain, and the existence of cervical
pain in subjects with temporomandibular joint internal derangement
(TMD).
The hypothesis of this study is that cervical lordosis angle (CVT/EVT
angle) alteration on cephalometrics could be correlated to the presence
of TMD. The cephalometric records of 50 females with documented TMD
were
compared with those of a control group of 50 females. The subjects in
the sample were 25-35 years of age, average 28.9 years (SD, 3.2).
Radiographs
were taken in mirror position, and seventeen variables, including the
CVT/EVT angle, were traced. Double measurements were made to evaluate
method error using Dahlberg's formula. Pearson's correlation
coefficient
and Mann-Whitney's t-test were used to evaluate the data. Intra-group
analysis showed significant correlations between the CVT/EVT angle and
mandibular length (p<0.01), mandibular position (p<0.05),
mandibular
divergence (p<0.01), and overjet (p<0.01) in both groups. Between
groups, the analysis showed significant differences in CVT/EVT angle
(p<0.05),
maxillary protrusion (p<0.01), mandibular protrusion (p<0.01),
mandibular
length (p<0.01), mandibular divergence (p<0.05), and overbite
(p<0.05).
Sforza C, Colombo A, Turci M, Grassi G, Ferrario VF. Induced oral
breathing and craniocervical postural relations: an experimental study
in healthy
young adults. Cranio. 2004 Jan;22(1):21-6
Department of Human Anatomy, via Mangiagalli 31, 1-20133 Milano, Italy.
farc@unimi.it
The influence of induced oral breathing on head and craniocervical
posture
was studied in ten healthy young adults. After a baseline recording,
oral
respiration was induced by using a swimmer's type nose clip. The
subjects
were filmed 15 and 90 minutes after wearing the nose clip, immediately
and 15 minutes after taking it off. The angles C7-tragion versus the
true
vertical, nasion-tragion versus the vertical, and C7-tragion-nasion
were
calculated, and the difference between the baseline and the four
experimental
recordings was computed. During the experiment, head and neck positions
were modified in all subjects, but with a large variability for both
the
direction (flexion or extension) and the extent of the modification.
Overall,
the mean differences were minimal with large standard deviations.
Differences
between baseline and the experimental recordings were significant only
for the C7-tragion versus the vertical angle (analysis of variance,
p=0.0083).
In conclusion, induced oral respiration may have a significant role in
the alteration of head and craniocervical posture, but the effect was
highly variable.
Fink M, Wahling K, Stiesch-Scholz M, Tschernitschek H. The
functional relationship between the craniomandibular system, cervical
spine, and the sacroiliac joint: a preliminary investigation. Cranio. 2003
Jul;21(3):202-8.
[Dept. of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, OE-8300 Hannover
Medical
School, 30625 Hannover, Germany. m.g.fink@t-online.de]
The hypothesis of a functional coupling between the muscles of the
craniomandibular system and the muscles of other body areas is still
controversial. The
purpose of this pilot study was to examine whether there is a
relationship
between the craniomandibular system, the craniocervical system and the
sacropelvic region. To test this hypothesis, the prevalence and
localization
of dysfunction of the cervical spine and the sacroiliac joint were
examined
in a prospective, experimental trial. Twenty healthy students underwent
an artificial occlusal interference, which caused an occlusal
interference.
The upper cervical spine (CO-C3) and the sacroiliac joint were examined
before, during and after this experimental test. The primary outcome
with
these experimental conditions was the occurrence of hypomobile
functional
abnormalities. In the presence of occlusal interference, functional
abnormalities
were detected in both regions examined and these changes were
statistically
significant. The clinical implications of these findings may be that a
complementary examination of these areas in CMD patients could be
useful.
Motoyoshi M, Shimazaki T, Sugai T, Namura S, Biomechanical influences of head posture on occlusion: an experimental study using finite element analysis, The European Journal of Orthodontics 2002 24(4):319-326.
Leonard M, Posture training for TMD patients J Am Dent Assoc 2000 May;131(5):564, 566, 568.
Makofsky HW, "The influence of forward head posture on dental occlusion".Cranio 2000 Jan;18(1):30-9.
Hedrick PP, "Acute unilateral TMJ pain and sleep posture" J Gen Orthod 1996 Mar;7(1):21-3.
Magnano G, "[Relations between posture, locomotion, dentition, hand and TMJ, from origins to man]" Prog Odontoiatr 1991 May;4(5):45-55.
Miyata T; Satoh T; Shimada A; Umetsu N; Takeda T; Ishigami K; Ohki K, "[The relation between the condition of the stomatognathic system and the condition of whole body. I-1. Concerning the effects of a change of occlusion on upright posture especially on the locus of the body's gravity center]" Nippon Hotetsu Shika Gakkai Zasshi 1988 Dec;32(6):1233-40.
Frumker SC; Kyle MA, "The dentist's contribution to rehabilitation of cervical posture and function: orthopedic and neurological considerations in the treatment of craniomandibular disorders" Basal Facts 1987;9(3):105-9.
Levignac J; Heim JL; Berge M; Chalaye JC, "[Posture, behavior, occlusion and shape. Esthetics and perception]" Orthod Fr 1983;54(2):381-92.
Burki NK, "The effects of changes in functional residual capacity with posture on mouth occlusion pressure and ventilatory pattern" Am Rev Respir Dis 1977 Nov;116(5):895-900.
Mohl N, "Head posture and its role in occlusion" Int J Orthod 1977 Mar;15(1):6-14.
Mohl ND, "Head posture and its role in occlusion" N Y State Dent J 1976 Jan;42(1):17-23.
Harnett J, "'How to' recognize/maintain mandibular posture." Bull Eleventh Dist Dent Soc 1975 Oct;13(6):12.
de Andrade NJ, "[Dental occlusion]" Sel Odontol (Sao Paulo) 1971 Apr;1(6):8-16.
Khoroshilkina FI; Malygin IM; Nesulkovskii IA; Tsyplenkov VG, "[Sinusbronchial pneumopathy and disturgances of posture in patients with sagittal anomalies of occlusion]" Stomatologiia (Mosk) 1970 Jul-Aug;49(4):65-7.
Wood GN, "Centric
occlusion, centric relation, and the mandibular posture" J Prosthet Dent 1968
Oct;20(4):292-306.